Cape Verde (2006)

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Cape Verde 2006 year


Administrative divisions	17 municipalities (concelhos, singular - concelho); Boa Vista, Brava, Maio, Mosteiros, Paul, Praia, Porto Novo, Ribeira Grande, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, Sao Domingos, Sao Filipe, Sao Miguel, Sao Nicolau, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal
Age structure	0-14 years: 37.9% (male 80,594/female 79,126) 15-64 years: 55.3% (male 113,450/female 119,423) 65 years and over: 6.7% (male 10,542/female 17,844) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products	bananas, corn, beans, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, coffee, peanuts; fish
Airports	7 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 7 over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 1 (2006)
Area	total: 4,033 sq km land: 4,033 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background	The uninhabited islands were discovered and colonized by the Portuguese in the 15th century; Cape Verde subsequently became a trading center for African slaves and later an important coaling and resupply stop for whaling and transatlantic shipping. Following independence in 1975, and a tentative interest in unification with Guinea-Bissau, a one-party system was established and maintained until multi-party elections were held in 1990. Cape Verde continues to exhibit one of Africa's most stable democratic governments. Repeated droughts during the second half of the 20th century caused significant hardship and prompted heavy emigration. As a result, Cape Verde's expatriate population is greater than its domestic one. Most Cape Verdeans have both African and Portuguese antecedents.
Birth rate	24.87 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget	revenues: $328.1 million expenditures: $393.1 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (2005 est.)
Capital	name: Praia geographic coordinates: 14 55 N, 23 31 W time difference: UTC-1 (4 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and very erratic
Coastline	965 km
Constitution	new constitution came into force 25 September 1992; underwent a major revision on 23 November 1995, substantially increasing the powers of the president; a 1999 revision created the position of national ombudsman (Provedor de Justica)
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Cape Verde conventional short form: Cape Verde local long form: Republica de Cabo Verde local short form: Cabo Verde
Death rate	6.55 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external	$325 million (2002)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Roger D. PIERCE embassy: Rua Abilio Macedo n6, Praia mailing address: C. P. 201, Praia telephone: [238] 2-60-89-00 FAX: [238] 2-61-13-55
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Jose BRITO chancery: 3415 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: [1] (202) 965-6820 FAX: [1] (202) 965-1207 consulate(s) general: Boston
Disputes - international	none
Economic aid - recipient	$136 million (1999)
Economy - overview	This island economy suffers from a poor natural resource base, including serious water shortages exacerbated by cycles of long-term drought. The economy is service-oriented, with commerce, transport, tourism, and public services accounting for 66% of GDP. Although nearly 70% of the population lives in rural areas, the share of agriculture in GDP in 2004 was only 12%, of which fishing accounted for 1.5%. About 82% of food must be imported. The fishing potential, mostly lobster and tuna, is not fully exploited. Cape Verde annually runs a high trade deficit, financed by foreign aid and remittances from emigrants; remittances supplement GDP by more than 20%. Economic reforms are aimed at developing the private sector and attracting foreign investment to diversify the economy. Future prospects depend heavily on the maintenance of aid flows, the encouragement of tourism, remittances, and the momentum of the government's development program.
Electricity - consumption	41.06 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - production	44.15 million kWh (2003)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mt. Fogo 2,829 m (a volcano on Fogo Island)
Environment - current issues	soil erosion; deforestation due to demand for wood used as fuel; desertification; environmental damage has threatened several species of birds and reptiles; illegal beach sand extraction; overfishing
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Creole (mulatto) 71%, African 28%, European 1%
Exchange rates	Cape Verdean escudos (CVE) per US dollar - 88.67 (2005), 88.808 (2004), 97.703 (2003), 117.168 (2002), 123.228 (2001)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Pedro Verona PIRES (since 22 March 2001) head of government: Prime Minister Jose Maria Pereira NEVES (since 1 February 2001) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 12 February 2006 (next to be held February 2011); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly and appointed by the president election results: Pedro PIRES reelected president; percent of vote - Pedro PIRES (PAICV) 51.2%, Carlos VIEGA (MPD) 48.8%
Exports	0 kWh (2003)
Exports	$73.35 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)
Exports	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	fuel, shoes, garments, fish, hides
Exports - partners	Spain 38.2%, Portugal 33.2%, US 9.2%, Morocco 5.4% (2005)
Fiscal year	calendar year
Flag description	three horizontal bands of light blue (top, double width), white (with a horizontal red stripe in the middle third), and light blue; a circle of 10 yellow five-pointed stars is centered on the hoist end of the red stripe and extends into the upper and lower blue bands
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 12.1% industry: 21.9% services: 66% (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	5.5% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates	16 00 N, 24 00 W
Geography - note	strategic location 500 km from west coast of Africa near major north-south sea routes; important communications station; important sea and air refueling site
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	used as a transshipment point for illicit drugs moving from Latin America and Asia destined for Western Europe; the lack of a well-developed financial system limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center
Imports	0 kWh (2003)
Imports	$500 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)
Imports	NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	foodstuffs, industrial products, transport equipment, fuels
Imports - partners	Portugal 41.5%, Italy 8%, Netherlands 7.3%, Spain 5.5%, France 4.8%, Belgium 4.7%, Brazil 4.3% (2005)
Independence	5 July 1975 (from Portugal)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%
Industries	food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments, salt mining, ship repair
Infant mortality rate	total: 46.52 deaths/1,000 live births male: 51.63 deaths/1,000 live births female: 41.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	0.4% (2005 est.)
International organization participation	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO (observer)
Irrigated land	30 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch	Supreme Tribunal of Justice or Supremo Tribunal de Justia
Labor force	120,600
Land boundaries	0 km
Land use	arable land: 11.41% permanent crops: 0.74% other: 87.85% (2005)
Languages	Portuguese, Crioulo (a blend of Portuguese and West African words)
Legal system	derived from the legal system of Portugal
Legislative branch	unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (72 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 22 January 2006 (next to be held in January 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - PAICV 52.3%, MPD 44%, UCID 2.7%; seats by party - PAICV 41, MPD 29, ADM 2
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 70.73 years male: 67.41 years female: 74.15 years (2006 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 76.6% male: 85.8% female: 69.2% (2003 est.)
Location	Western Africa, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Senegal
Map references	Political Map of the World
Maritime claims	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 7 ships (1000 GRT or over) 12,300 GRT/7,726 DWT by type: cargo 2, chemical tanker 1, passenger/cargo 4 foreign-owned: 2 (Spain 1, UK 1) (2006)
Military branches	People's Revolutionary Armed Forces (FARP): Army, Coast Guard (includes maritime air wing)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$7.18 million (2005 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	0.7% (2005 est.)
National holiday	Independence Day, 5 July (1975)
Nationality	noun: Cape Verdean(s) adjective: Cape Verdean
Natural hazards	prolonged droughts; seasonal harmattan wind produces obscuring dust; volcanically and seismically active
Natural resources	salt, basalt rock, limestone, kaolin, fish, clay, gypsum
Net migration rate	-11.91 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Political parties and leaders	African Party for Independence of Cape Verde or PAICV [Jose Maria Pereira NEVES, chairman]; Democratic Alliance for Change or ADM [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO] (a coalition of PCD, PTS, and UCID); Democratic Christian Party or PDC [Manuel RODRIGUES, chairman]; Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Victor FIDALGO, president]; Democratic and Independent Cape Verdean Union or UCID [Antonio MONTEIRO]; Movement for Democracy or MPD [Agostinho LOPES, president]; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO, president]; Party of Work and Solidarity or PTS [Isaias RODRIGUES, president]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Joao ALEM, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA
Population	420,979 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	30% (2000)
Population growth rate	0.64% (2006 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 0, FM 22 (and 12 low power repeaters), shortwave 0 (2002)
Religions	Roman Catholic (infused with indigenous beliefs); Protestant (mostly Church of the Nazarene)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.59 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: effective system, extensive modernization from 1996-2000 following partial privatization in 1995 domestic: major service provider is Cabo Verde Telecom (CVT); fiber optic ring, completed in 2001, links all islands providing Internet access and ISDN services; cellular service introduced in 1998 international: country code - 238; 2 coaxial submarine cables; HF radiotelephone to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	71,400 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular	81,700 (2005)
Television broadcast stations	1 (and 7 repeaters) (2002)
Terrain	steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic
Total fertility rate	3.38 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate	21% (2000 est.)

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